Propagating initial capitals

Where a sentence doesn’t start with a normal capital, for whatever reason, there’s no need to propagate the requirement for an initial capital letter until you find something that can take one!

There are occasions when sentences don’t start with an uppercase A to Z. (The actual content of the sentence that is, not punctuation such as quotation marks or brackets.) Dutch has a typographical rule that postpones the capital letter to the first whole word, which is also often erroneously applied after numbers or outside brackets. English doesn’t do that. Examples:

• t–Butanol is the simplest tertiary alcohol => t-butanol is…
• 91% Of the recipients apply the skills learned => 91% of…
• 2017 Was a difficult year => 2017 was…
• Nausea/Vomiting are common => Nausea/vomiting are…
• 2-Year-old horses must be registered => 2-year-old horses…
• spoken contractions that start with an apostrophe simply get a capital like anything else (‘Tain’t true. ‘Twas so. ‘Snot fair.) – not that you’re likely to come across those in professional translation work.

Stylistically, such sentences can be far from pretty; rewriting or expanding can often get rid of the issue anyway. Usually worth considering.

US English is fonder of capitals than UK English. Names of chemicals like t-butyl alcohol are sometimes treated as if the t- part wasn’t there (or as if it’s punctuation); the Wiki pages have quite a few examples! Many US authors would capitalize both halves of the formulation with the slash above too.

Prevalence: moderate. It’s not a very common situation.
Frequency: high. But it’s often wrong when it does turn up.
Native: no. It’s a Dutch peculiarity.